Comparison of carbon dioxide soil emissions measured on the two different demonstration sites

CO2 measured from soil

Values for GHG emissions in the two croppig systems are updated after the harvest of each crop, or at the end of the bare soil. Periods considered in the measurements are reported under the graphs.

Data are under validation, so the shown results aren’t definitive

Ravenna CCS - Conventional Cropping System [CO2]

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Bare soil

Start: 11/12/2019
End: 01/04/2019
Duration: 111 days
Cumulated flux: 169.2 ± 14.1 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.5 g CO2 m-2

Maize

Sowing: 02/04/2020
Harvest: 10/09/2020
Duration: 161 days
Cumulated flux: 992.7 ± 69.0 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 6.2 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 8.8 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 21.6 t ha-1 s.s.
Fertilisation: 196.6 kg ha-1 N
Irrigation: 75 mm
Treatments: 2 insetticides, 2 herbicides
Crop residues: chopped

Bare soil

Start: 11/09/2020
End: 19/10/2020
Duration: 38 days
Cumulated flux: 502.0 ± 41.7 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 14.8 g CO2 m-2

Durum wheat

Sowing: 20/10/2020
Harvest: 24/06/2021
Duration: 247 days
Cumulated flux: 975.9 ± 154.1 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 4.0 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 6.8 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 16.2 t ha-1 s.s.
Fertilisation: 180.4 kg ha-1 N
Treatments: 1 fungicide, 1 herbicied
Crop residues: removed

Bare soil

Start: 25/06/2021
End: 16/05/2022
Duration: 325 days
Cumulated flux: 1276.3 ± 149.2 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 3.9 g CO2 m-2

Tomato

Start: 17/05/2022
End: 27/08/2022
Duration: 102 days
Cumulated flux: 1219.6 ± 271.2 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 12.6 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 6.3 t ha-1 d.m.
Total biomass: 12.9 t ha-1 d.m.
Fertilisation: 140.1 kg ha-1 N, 100.2 kg ha-1 P2O5, 137.8 kg ha-1 K2O
Irrigation: 389 mm
Treatments: 1 insecticide, 3 herbicide, 10 fungicide
Residues: buried

Bare soil

Start: 28/08/2022
End: 24/10/2022
Duration: 57 days
Cumulated flux: 263.4 ± 28.2 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 15.5 g CO2 m-2

Durum wheat

Start: 25/10/2022
End: 26/06/2023
Duration: 244 days
Cumulated flux: 1348.2 ± 166.4 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 7.1 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 4.35 t ha-1 d.m.
Fertilisation: 115.5 kg ha-1 N
Treatments: 1 fungicide, 1 insetticide, 1 herbicide
Residues: removed

From 11/12/2019 to 26/06/2023 the CO2 cumulated flux measured in the CCS cropping system in Ravenna is 6747.6 g CO2 m-2

Ravenna ECS – Efficient Cropping System [CO2]

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Pea

Sowing: 11/12/2019
Harvest:19/06/2020
Duration: 191 days
Cumulated flux: 370.1 ± 44.8 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.9 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 4.0 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 8.3 t ha-1 s.s.
Irrigation: 25 mm
Treatments: 1 herbicide
Crop residues: chopped

Bare soil

Start: 20/06/2020
End: 19/10/2020
Duration: 121 days
Cumulated flux: 664.9 ± 91.5 g CO2 m-2
Daily average flux: 5.4 g CO2 m-2

Durum wheat

Sowing: 20/10/2020
Harvest: 24/06/2021
Duration: 247 days
Cumulated flux: 671.2 ± 40.8 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 2.7 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 7.4 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 16.4 t ha-1 s.s.
Fertilisation: 130.0 kg ha-1 N
Irrigation: 75 mm
Treatments: 1 fungicide
Crop residues: removed

Alfalfa

Start: 25/06/2021
End: 05/10/2021
Duration: 102 days
Cumulated flux: 309.7 ± 96.7 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 3.1 g CO2 m-2
Total biomass: 0.4 t ha-1 s.s.

Bare soil

Start: 06/10/2021
End: 16/05/2022
Duration: 222 days
Cumulated flux: 495.9 ± 17.0 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 2.2 g CO2 m-2

Tomato

Start: 17/05/2022
End: 27/08/2022
Duration: 102 days
Cumulated flux: 1003.8 ± 193.5 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 10.3 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 5.7 t ha-1 d.m.
Total biomass: 11.2 t ha-1 d.m.
Fertilisation: 109.3 kg ha-1 N, 101.8 kg ha-1 P2O5, 135.6 kg ha-1 K2O
Irrigation: 311 mm
Treatments: 1 insecticide, 3 herbicide, 9 fungicide
Residues: buried

Bare soil

Start: 28/08/2022
End: 24/10/2022
Duration: 57 days
Cumulated flux: 101.4 ± 4.5 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 6.0 g CO2 m-2

Durum wheat

Start: 25/10/2022
End: 26/06/2023
Duration: 244 days
Cumulated flux: 1835.9 ± 187.8 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 9.7 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 4.35 t ha-1 d.m.
Fertilisation: 156 kg ha-1 N
Treatments: 1 fungicide, 1 herbicide
Residues: removed

From 11/12/2019 to 26/06/2023 the CO2 cumulated flux measured in the ECS cropping system in Ravenna is 5452.9 g CO2 m-2

Foggia CCS - Conventional Cropping System [CO2]

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Bare soil

Start: 28/11/2019
End: 30/04/2020
Duration: 154 days
Cumulated flux: 213.8 ± 31.9 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.4 g CO2 m-2

Sunflower

Sowing: 30/04/2020
Harvest: 17/09/2020
Duration: 140 days
Cumulated flux: 628.0 ± 93.2 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 4.4 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 0.4 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 0.6 t ha-1 s.s.
Fertilisation: 56 kg ha-1 N
Irrigation: 30 mm
Crop residues: chopped

Bare soil

Start: 18/09/2020
End: 30/11/2020
Duration: 73 days
Cumulated flux: 104.2 ± 12.5 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.7 g CO2 m-2

Durum wheat

Sowing: 01/12/2020
Harvest: 24/06/2021
Duration: 205 days
Cumulated flux: 446.7 ± 50.5 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 2.4 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 2.9 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 10.57 t ha-1 s.s.
Fertilisation: 222 kg ha-1 N + 30 kg ha-1 P2O5
Treatements: 2 fungicide
Crop residues: removed

Bare soil

Start: 25/06/2021
End: 21/12/2021
Duration: 179 days
Cumulated flux: 390.9 ± 13.5 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 2.27 g CO2 m-2

Barley

Start: 22/12/2021
End: 30/06/2022
Duration: 190 days
Cumulated flux: 446.2 ± 31.6 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 3.6 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 5.84 t ha-1 d.m.
Total biomass: 12.74 t ha-1 d.m.
Fertilisation: 109 kg ha-1 N + 40 kg ha-1 P2O5
Treatments: 1 fungicide
Crop residues: removed

Bare soil

Start: 01/07/2022
End: 31/10/2022
Duration: 122 days
Cumulated flux: 289.0 ± 31.4 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 6.02 g CO2 m-2

From 28/11/2019 to 31/10/2022 the CO2 cumulated flux measured in the CCS cropping system in Foggia is 2518.8 g CO2 m-2

Foggia ECS – Efficient Cropping System [CO2]

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Bare soil

Start: 28/11/2019
End: 17/02/2020
Duration: 81 days
Cumulated flux: 128.0 ± 21.5 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.6 g CO2 m-2

Lentil

Sowing: 18/02/2020
Harvest: 29/06/2020
Duration: 132 days
Cumulated flux: 195.4 ± 24.3 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.5 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 0.2 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 0.5 t ha-1 s.s.
Irrigation: 30 mm
Treatements: 2 herbicide
Crop residues: on superface

Crop residues

Start: 30/06/2020
End: 21/09/2020
Duration: 83 days
Cumulated flux: 303.5 ± 65.6 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 3.6 g CO2 m-2

Bare soil

Start: 22/09/2020
End: 30/11/2020
Duration: 69 days
Cumulated flux: 112.0 ± 5.9 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.9 g CO2 m-2

Durum wheat

Sowing: 01/12/2020
Harvest: 24/06/2021
Duration: 205 days
Cumulated flux: 792.9 ± 108.2 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 4.3 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 4.3 t ha-1 s.s.
Total biomass: 9.8 t ha-1 s.s.
Fertilisation: 98 kg ha-1 N + 35 kg ha-1 P2O5
Treatements: 1 fungicide
Crop residues: removed

Bare soil

Start: 25/06/2021
End: 03/10/2021
Duration: 100 days
Cumulated flux: 140.2 ± 27.8 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 1.6 g CO2 m-2

Mustard

Start: 04/10/2021
End: 16/01/2022
Duration: 104 days
Cumulated flux: 536.8 ± 84.9 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 5.2 g CO2 m-2
Total biomass: 3.77 t ha-1 d.m.
Crop was incorporated in soil

Bare soil

Start: 17/01/2022
End: 20/04/2022
Duration: 93 days
Cumulated flux: 330.8 ± 19.3 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 3.7 g CO2 m-2

Sunflower

Start: 21/04/2022
End: 22/09/2022
Duration: 154 days
Cumulated flux: 386.9 ± 69.3 g CO2 m-2
Average daily flux: 4.8 g CO2 m-2
Yield: 1.7 t ha-1 d.m.
Total biomass: 42.4 t ha-1 d.m.
Fertilisation: 33.5 kg ha-1 N
Treatments: 2 herbicide
Residues: buried

From 28/11/2019 to 22/09/2022 the CO2 cumulated flux measured in the ECS cropping system in Foggia is 3122.6 g CO2 m-2

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Confronto CO2 - Ultima modifica: 2021-09-02T15:34:14+00:00 da Redazione Digital Farm
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